Diana lapja

Happiness

Have you seen this  video in which a cute  toddler is enjoying her very first rain experience?   🙂

Is happiness can be taught and learned?

According to Martin Seligman the answer is YES! 🙂  Seligman is credited as the father of Positive Psychology. He has a systematic theory about why happy people are happy, and he  uses the scientific method to explore it. Through the use of exhaustive questionnaires, Seligman found that the most satisfied, upbeat people were those who had discovered and exploited their unique combination of “signature strengths,” such as humanity, temperance and persistence.
Seligman’s conclusion is that happiness has three dimensions that can be cultivated: the Pleasant Life, the Good Life, and the Meaningful Life.

1,  The Pleasant Life is realised as the hedonist lifestyle where the  pleasure  is the primary or most important intrinsic article-0-0208F50F00000578-894_468x336good. We appreciate such basic pleasures as companionship, the natural environment and our bodily needs.
Express your heart. People who have one or more close friendships are happier. It doesn’t seem to matter if we have a large network of close relationships or not. What seems to make a difference is if and how often we cooperate in activities and share our personal feelings with a friend or relative.

Cultivate kindness. People who volunteer or simply care for others on a consistent basis seem to be happier and less depressed. Although “caring” can involve volunteering as part of an organized group or club, it can be as simple as reaching out to a colleague or classmate who looks lonely or is struggling with an issue.

 2, We can remain pleasantly “stuck” at this stage or we can go on to experience the Good Life. 
violinist-150x150  This can be achieved through optimal psychological state that people experience when      engaged in an activity that  is  appropritely challenging to one’s skill level, often resulting in immersion and concentrated focus on a task. 
This can result in deep learning and high levels of personal and work satisfaction. Csikszentmihályi calls this state as FLOW.  We can experience FLOW during several actions like running, dancing, writing an article….. about happiness.   

So keep moving, be active. Regular exercise has been associated with improved mental well-being and a lower incidence of depression. 

 3, The final stage is the Meaningful Life, in which we find our life and our days meaningful.  This stage usually appears  in religious practice and happiness. meditation-300x262Spirituality and prayer also provide people with an opportunity to engage in a meditative act. Meditation has been shown to have a strong link with well-being because it calms the body, reduces stress and anxiety, and also supports positive thinking. The cultivation of “sacred moments” in daily life, whether through journal-writing or daily spiritual exercises, has been associated with reduced levels of stress and an increase in psychological well-being. Finally, both spirituality and organized religion can help provide people with perspective, hope, and a deeper sense of meaning. By believing in something greater than themselves, it may help them stay positive in times of sadness, and foster resilience in its role as a coping strategy.

 Seligman’s theory is outstanding. It reconciles two conflicting views of human happiness:
 the individualistic approach (1) , which emphasises that we should take care of ourselves and develope our own strengths and  the altruistic approach (2), which tends to downplay individuality and emphasizes sacrifice for the greater purpose.

 

Ahimsa

Let me  share a personal story with you. Last year I was on a Reiki practice , and during the practice I saw a beautiful symbol in my hand radiating to my palm. After getting home I was searching for the pic on the internet, and it turned out to be the AHIMSA symbol. reiki ahimsa
I was interested in it. I felt I know it  from the collective consciousness and from my “cells in my body”.

 Ahinsa (Sanskrit: अहिंसा;  Pali: avihiṃsā) is a term meaning ‘not to injure’ and ‘to be compassionate’. The word is derived from the Sanskrit root hiṃs – to strike; hiṃsā is injury or harm, a-hiṃsā is the opposite of this, i.e. cause no injury, do no harm.Ahinsa is also referred to as nonviolence. and it applies to all living beings – including all animals – according to many Indian religions. Ahinsa is one of the cardinal virtues and an important tenet of 3 major religions (Jainism, Hinduism, Buddhism).
 Ahinsa is a multidimensional concept, inspired by the premise that all living beings have the spark of the divine spiritual energy; therefore, to hurt another being is to hurt oneself. Ahinsa has also been related to the notion that any violence has karmic consequences. While ancient scholars of Hinduism pioneered and over time perfected the principles of Ahinsa, the concept reached an extraordinary status in the ethical philosophy of Jainism. Most popularly, Mahatma Gandhi  strongly believed in the principle of ahinsa.

Ahinsa’s precept of ’cause no injury’ includes one’s deeds, words, and thoughts.Classical literature of Hinduism such as Mahabharata and Ramayana, as well as modern scholars debate principles of Ahinsa when one is faced with war and situations requiring self-defense. 

Ancient texts use ahinsa to mean non-injury, a broader concept than non-violence. Non-injury implies not killing others, as well as not hurting others mentally or verbally; it includes avoiding all violent means – including physical violence – anything that injures others. In classical Sanskrit literature of Hinduism, another word Adrohi is sometimes used instead of Ahinsa, as one of the cardinal virtues necessary for moral life

Hinduism

Ancient Vedic Texts

Ahinsa as an ethical concept evolved in Vedic texts.The oldest scripts, along with discussing ritual animal sacrifices, indirectly mention Ahinsa, but do not emphasize it. Over time, the Hindu scripts revise ritual practices and the concept of Ahinsa is increasingly refined and emphasized, ultimately Ahinsa becomes the concept that describes the highest virtue by the late Vedic era (about 500 BC). For example, hymn 10.22.13 in the Rig Veda uses the words Satya (truthfulness) and Ahinsa in a prayer to deity Indra; later, the Yajur Veda dated to be between 1000 BC and 600 BC, states, “may all beings look at me with a friendly eye, may I do likewise, and may we look at each other with the eyes of a friend”.

The Epics

The Mahabharata, one of the epics of Hinduism, has multiple mentions of the phrase Ahinsa Paramo Dharma (अहिंसा परमॊ धर्मः), which literally means: non-violence is the highest moral virtue. For example:

अहिंसा परमॊ धर्मस तथाहिंसा परॊ दमः।
अहिंसा परमं दानम अहिंसा परमस तपः।
अहिंसा परमॊ यज्ञस तथाहिस्मा परं बलम।
अहिंसा परमं मित्रम अहिंसा परमं सुखम।
अहिंसा परमं सत्यम अहिंसा परमं शरुतम॥

The above passage from Mahabharata emphasizes the cardinal importance of Ahinsa in Hinduism, and literally means: Ahinsa is the highest virtue, Ahinsa is the highest self-control, Ahinsa is the greatest gift, Ahinsa is the best suffering, Ahinsa is the highest sacrifice, Ahinsa is the finest strength, Ahinsa is the greatest friend, Ahinsa is the greatest happiness, Ahinsa is the highest truth, and Ahinsa is the greatest teaching.

 

Modern times

 

Gandhi promoted the principle of Ahinsa very successfully by applying it to all spheres of life, particularly to politics.

 In Gandhi’s thought, Ahinsa precludes not only the act of inflicting a physical injury, but also mental states like evil thoughts and hatred, unkind behavior such as harsh words, dishonesty and lying, all of which he saw as manifestations of violence incompatible with Ahinsa. Gandhi believed Ahinsa to be a creative energy force, encompassing all interactions leading one’s self to find satya, “Divine Truth”. 

The hand with a wheel on the palm symbolizes the Jain Vow of Ahinsa. The word in the middle is “Ahinsa”. The wheel represents the dharmacakra which stands for the resolve to halt the cycle of reincarnation through relentless pursuit of truth and non-violence.

 

 

 

 

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